Unidad. 3 Tecnicas de lectura: predicción, scanning y skimming
Electrolytic cell
An electrolytic cell decomposes chemical compounds by means of electrical energy, in a process called electrolysis; the Greek word lysis means to break up. The result is that the chemical energy is increased. Important examples of electrolysis are the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, and bauxite into aluminium and other chemicals.
An electrolytic cell has three component parts: an electrolyte and two electrodes (a cathode and an anode). The electrolyte is usually a solution of water or other solvents in which ions are dissolved. Molten salts such as sodium chloride are also electrolytes. When driven by an external voltage applied to the electrodes, the electrolyte provides ions that flow to and from the electrodes, where charge-transferring, or faradaic, or redox, reactions can take place. Only for an external electrical potential (i.e. voltage) of the correct polarity and large enough magnitude can an electrolytic cell decompose a normally stable or inert chemical compound in the solution. The electrical energy provided undoes the effect of spontaneous chemical reactions.
¿Cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?
La definición sobre una celda electrolítica y cual es su reacción ante la presencia de electricidad.
¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?
Definir una celda electrolítica como la descomposición de compuestos químicos por la aplicación de energía eléctrica.
¿Qué palabras se repiten?
Electrolytic; cell; chemical; energy; electrical; electrolyte; water; decompose.
¿Qué palabras se parecen al español?
Electrical; energy; electrolytic; component; parts; solution; voltage; external; reactions; electrical; potential.
¿Cuales son las palabras en negrita, el titulo, subtitulo o graficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?
Electrolytic cell.
¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo
Trata de explicar cómo en una celda electrolítica se lleva a cabo una reacción para descomponer un compuesto químico por efecto de la aplicación de un potencial eléctrico donde el electrolito libera iones que los hace circular de un electrodo a otro llamados ánodo y cátodo.
Unidad.4 Patrones de organización de un párrafo.
Electricity
Electricity is a general term encompassing a variety of phenomena resulting from the presence and flow of electric charge. These include many easily recognizable phenomena, such as lightning, static electricity, and the flow of electrical current in an electrical wire. In addition, electricity encompasses less familiar concepts such as the electromagnetic field and electromagnetic induction.
The word is from the New Latin ēlectricus, "amber-like", coined in the year 1600 from the Greek ήλεκτρον (electron) meaning amber (hardened plant resin), because static electricity effects were produced classically by rubbing amber.
In general usage, the word "electricity" adequately refers to a number of physical effects. In scientific usage, however, the term is vague, and these related, but distinct, concepts are better identified by more precise terms:
Electric charge: a property of some subatomic particles, which determines their electromagnetic interactions. Electrically charged matter is influenced by, and produces, electromagnetic fields.
Electric current: a movement or flow of electrically charged particles, typically measured in amperes.
Electric field: an influence produced by an electric charge on other charges in its vicinity.
Electric potential: the capacity of an electric field to do work on an electric charge, typically measured in volts.
Electromagnetism: a fundamental interaction between the magnetic field and the presence and motion of an electric charge.
Las definiciones:
La electricidad: es el término general que abarca una variedad de fenomenos resultantes de la presencia y flujo de carga eléctrica.
Electric current: un movimiento o flujo de particulas de carga electrica, típicamente medida en amperios
Electric field: influencia producida entre cargas eléctricas.
Electric potential: capacidad para hacer de un campo electrico para hacer un trabajo sobre una carga eléctrica, típicamente medida en voltios.
Electromagnetism: interacción fundamental entre el campo magnetico y la presencia y movimiento de una carga electrica.
Marcadores de definición:
· Is a general
· Is from
· Refers to
· Is influenced
History of the Electricity
Long before any knowledge of electricity existed people were aware of shocks from electric fish. Ancient Egyptian texts dating from 2750 BC referred to these fish as the "Thunderer of the Nile", and described them as the "protectors" of all other fish. Electric fish were again reported millennia later by ancient Greek, Roman and Arabic naturalists and physicians. Several ancient writers, such as Pliny the Elder and Scribonius Largus, attested to the numbing effect of electric shocks delivered by catfish and torpedo rays, and knew that such shocks could travel along conducting objects. Patients suffering from ailments such as gout or headache were directed to touch electric fish in the hope that the powerful jolt might cure them. Possibly the earliest and nearest approach to the discovery of the identity of lightning, and electricity from any other source, is to be attributed to the Arabs, who before the 15th century had the Arabic word for lightning (raad) applied to the electric ray.
Marcadores de secuencia:
· Long before
· Later
· Earliest and nearest
· Who before
Marcadores de tiempo:
· Dating from 2750 BC
· 15th century
Idea general del texto
Reconocer de que tiempos data la terminología de electricidad.
